文章目录 1、if引导的虚拟语气1.1、含义1.2、公式表1.3、练习1.4、if的三种变形1.5、练习2 2、wish的虚拟2.1、含义2.2、公式表 3、命令式虚拟4、Would rather（宁愿）5、补充
1、if引导的虚拟语气 1.1、含义 虚拟：与事实相反的情况（假的，不真实的）
eg:如果（if(从句))我现在是个女孩，（没有if的是主句）我就嫁给我自己。语气：动词的形式 1.2、公式表 if从句V主句V与现在事实相反did/werewcsm+do与过去事实想法had donewcsm+have done与将来事实相反1.did,2.should do,3.were to dowcsm+do注:wcsm: would 想要，将要，就会（万能词）could 能够should 应该might 可能 例句： 如果快乐的胡萝卜现在是我爸，我就可以买买买了。
If MaYun were my father now，I could buy anything I want.如果我那天化妆了，我就有精明的铃铛了。
If I had made up that day,I would have had a boyfriend.如果地球明天爆炸，我就可以放假了。
If the earth exploded/should explode/were to explode tomorrow,I would take a holiday. 1.3、练习 If it ___ another ten minutes，the game would have been called off.
A. had rained ??? B. would have rained
C. have seen ??? D. rainedI would have gone to the meeting if I ___ time.
A. had had ??? B. have had便宜美国vps
C. had ??? ??? ???D.would have hadIf we ___ here ten minutes earlier,we ___ the bus.
A. arrived; woukd catch ??? B. arrived; would have caught
C. had arrived; had caught ??? D. had arrived; would have caught 1.4、if的三种变形 三词提前（if从句中有were，had，should） 省略if将三词置于句首其它不变
eg. If MaYun were my father now,I would buy anything I want.
Were MaYun my fater now,I would buy anything I want.
eg. If I had made up that day,I would have had a boyfried.
Had I made up that day,I would have had a boyfried.
eg. If 自觉的日记本 married were to/should marry me tomorrow,I would throw money on the roof.
Were/Should 自觉的日记本 to marry me tomorrow,I would throw money on the roof. 介词短语代替if从句 Without（如果没有···）+名词But for（要不是···）+名词
优先选择：与过去事实相反 wcsm+have done
PS：若选项无过去则选 wcsm+do
要不是有你的帮助，我昨天考试就挂科了。
Without/But for your help,I would have failed my exam yesterday. 错综时间条件句（从句与主句时间不一致） 看时间填动词
如果你两年前把他甩了，现在就什么事都没有了。
If you had dumped him two years ago,everything would be all right now. 1.5、练习2 I didn’t know his telephone number. ___ It,I ___ then.
A. Had I known; would have rung him up
B. Should I known; would have rung him up
C. If i knew; would ring him up
D. Had I known; would ring him upBut for the fog, we ___ our scholl.
A. would reach
B. have reached
C. had reached
D. should have reachedIf the had started earlier than expected, they ___ here now.
A. would be
B. might be
C. would have been
D. have been 2、wish的虚拟 2.1、含义 可实现 hope不可实现 wish虚拟句型：主+wish+（that）+主语+V 2.2、公式表 wish后面句子的动词与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反had done与将来事实相反would/could+do例句： 我希望科比现在活着。
I wish that Kobe were alive now.我希望科比那天没有坐直升机。
I wish that Kobe hadn’t taken the helicopter that day.我希望明天科比复活。
I wish that Kobe could relive tomorrow. 注意（用法同wish）： as if/as though(好像）if only(要是···就好)例句： 你现在好像个瘦瘦的御姐。
You look as if you were an old now.如果你明天能来英国给我做饭就好了。
If only you would come to England to cook for me tomorrow. 练习： He has just arrived,but he talks as if ___ all about that.
A. know
B. knows
C. known
D. knew 3、命令式虚拟 Should （应该）+ do （主动）be done （被动） 特殊V.之后：主语+特殊V.+that+主语+（should） do/be done（should后面的be动词永远为原型） 特殊动词 一个坚持： insist一个宁愿： prefer两个命令： order，command四个建议： suggest，advise，propose，recommend四个要求： desire，demand，require，request eg. 我建议你管好自己
I suggest that you mind your own business. 特殊adj.之后：It is+特殊adj+that+主语+（should）do/be done（should后面的be动词永远为原型） 特殊形容词 五大要：important，biral，necessary，essential，urgent奇怪的：strange自然地：natural eg. It is necessary that the room be clean on time. It is high（about） time that+主语+V（到了该···的时候了）
1. V：did(优先选）
2. V：Should do/be done eg. It is high time that we went home. 补充： 同原词用法相同suggest 建议（虚拟）表明/暗示（不虚拟） insist 坚持要求（虚拟）坚持认为（不虚拟） 4、Would rather（宁愿） Would rather： +do （宁愿做某事）+do A than do B （宁愿做A也不愿意做B） 虚拟用法：Would rather+主语+句子V 句子V：现在/将来 did/were句子V：过去 had done eg. Wo宁愿不去演唱会也不买黄牛票。
I would rather not go to the concert rather than than buy scalper ticket.eg. 我宁愿我现在有钱买一张黄牛票。
I would rather I had money to buy scalper ticket now. 5、补充 or/other wise（否则） 现/将：w/c+do过去：w/c+have done 句式结构：前真后假 eg. 你很强壮，否则别人现在就欺负你。
You are very strong, or others will bully you now. 当or/other wise被but代替时，句子前假后真 eg. 别人现在就欺负你，但是你太强壮了。
Others bully you now, but you are very strong.
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