如何进行 11.2.0.4 DG for linux 部署，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
1、oracle数据库 DB的工作示意图
2、oracle dg的三大工作模式及对数据库的需求依赖
3、本次实验的环境
4、oracle DG部署前的工作
在centdgpri机器上部署Oracle 11.2.0.4数据库软件并部署实例，在centdgstd机器上只安装Oracle数据库软件，要求centdgpri和centdgstd机器上的oracle环境即数据库相关的软件部署路径最好保持一致。
5、oracle DG的部署
主库调整，开启归档
archive log list;
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/arch';
alter database archivelog;
archive log list;
alter database open;
alter system archive log current
主库调整，开启闪回
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;
alter database force logging;
alter system set DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=10g;
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area';
alter database FLASHBACK ON;
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;
主库调整，添加standby logfile日志
set linesize 1000
col member for a50
select * from v$logfile order by 1;
select GROUP# ,BYTES/1024/1024 size_M,STATUS,ARCHIVED from v$log;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo06.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo07.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo08.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo09.log') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile group 10 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo10.log') size 50m;
主库调整，修改数据库启动pfile文件
|
orcl.__db_cache_size=327155712 orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304 orcl.__large_pool_size=8388608
orcl.__oracle_base='/opt/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=314572800 orcl.__sga_target=469762048 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=117440512 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/arch' *.memory_target=783286272 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='orcl' log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcls)'
log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dbstandby LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE FAL_SERVER=dbstandby FAL_CLIENT=dbprimary STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO *.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' *.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' |
主库调整，重新生成spfile
startup pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora';
create spfile from memory;
shutdown immediate;
startup;
show parameter spfile;
主库调整，修改监听配置文件listener.ora
|
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST=
(DESCRIPTION (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY= ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl) (SID_NAME=orcl) (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) (SID_NAME= orcl) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle |
主库调整，修改TNS服务配置文件tnsnames.ora
|
DBPRIMARY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) ORCL= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) DBSTANDBY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) |
备库调整，编辑数据库启动pfile
|
*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/adump' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl' *.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/cdump' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_create_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16 *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G *.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) *.job_queue_processes=10 *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch'
*.log_buffer=7356416 *.open_cursors=300 *.optimizer_dynamic_sampling=2 *.optimizer_mode='ALL_ROWS' *.pga_aggregate_target=186M
*.plsql_warnings='DISABLE:ALL' *.processes=150 *.query_rewrite_enabled='TRUE' *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.result_cache_max_size=2880K *.sga_target=560M *.skip_unusable_indexes=TRUE *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='orcls' log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcls,orcl)'
log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dbprimary LGWR LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE FAL_SERVER=dbprimary FAL_CLIENT=dbstandby STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO *.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' *.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata' |
备库调整，编辑监听配置文件listener.ora
|
LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST=
(DESCRIPTION (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY= ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl) (SID_NAME=orcl) (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcls_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db) (SID_NAME= orcl) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle |
备库调整，修改备库TNS服务配置文件tnsnames.ora
|
DBPRIMARY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) ORCLS= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) DBSTANDBY= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED)) ) |
6、主库克隆岛备库
主库创建sys密码文件并传送到备库dbs目录
orapwd
file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/PWDorcl.ora password=WaterH2o entries=40 force=y
备库创建和主库一致的审计目录
主库：
cd
$ORACLE_BASE
tar
-cvf diag.tar diag/
scp
diag.tar centdgstd:/opt/oracle
备库：
mv
diag $ORACLE_BASE/
cd
$ORACLE_BASE
tar
-xvf diag.tar
mkdir -p
$ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area
mkdir
-p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
克隆主库前的TNS服务测试，一定要在主备库均进行测试
tnsping dbprimary
tnsping dbstandby
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary as sysdba
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbstndby as sysdba
主库克隆到备机
rman target sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary
auxiliary sys/WaterH2o@dbstandby
duplicate
target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
7、开启备库的日志同步进程
alter database recover managed standby database
disconnect from session;
8、查看主备库的角色
select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;
9、验证物理DG的数据同步
select switchover_status from v$database; –查看有没有gap的归档日志
主库：
select STATUS,
GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
主库：
SQL>select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from
V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
STATUS
GAP_STATUS
———
————————
VALID
RESOLVABLE GAP
备库：
SQL>
select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;
STATUS
GAP_STATUS
———
————————
VALID NO
GAP
查看主备库角色及状态
select
open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;-
主库：
SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name
from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
——————– —————-
——————————
READ WRITE PRIMARY orcl
SQL>
备库：
SQL>select
open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
——————– —————-
——————————
READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY orcl
SQL>
查看主备库的序列号
select max(sequence#) from
v$archived_log;
archive log list;
主库：
SQL> select
max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
————–
25
SQL> archive
log list
Database log mode
Archive Mode
Automatic
archival Enabled
Archive
destination /opt/arch
Oldest online log
sequence 24
Next log sequence
to archive 26
Current log
sequence 26
SQL>
备库：
SQL> select
max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
————–
25
SQL> archive
log list
Database log mode
Archive Mode
Automatic
archival Enabled
Archive
destination /opt/arch
Oldest online log
sequence 17
Next log sequence
to archive 0
Current log
sequence 25
SQL>
10、DG Broker手工管理配置
DG部署前的主库确认开启闪回
select
flashback_on from v$database;
主备库开启dg_broker_start
show parameter
dg_broker_start
alter system set
dg_broker_start=true;
show parameter
dg_broker_start
主库登录dgmrl客户端
dgmgrl
sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary
创建dgb控制文件（注意一定要进行tnsping TNS服务名测试）
create
configuration my_dgb as primary database is orcl connect identifier is dgb_p;
|
DGMGRL> create Configuration |
添加备库
|
DGMGRL> add Database |
启用配置文件
|
DGMGRL> enable configuration; Enabled. DGMGRL> |
验证配置启动状态
|
DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration – my_dgb Protection Databases: orcl – Primary database orcls – Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS DGMGRL> |
开启主备库StandbyFileManagement并同步到DGB
SQL>alter system
set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=both;
DGMGRL> edit
database orcl set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> edit database orcls set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';
DGMGRL> EDIT
DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';
DGMGRL> EDIT
DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';
取消物理DG的两个参数
alter system
set fal_server='' scope=both sid='*';
alter system
set fal_client='' scope=both sid='*';
11、物理DG 通过Broker手工切换主备库的角色
主备库切换前的角色检查
主库：
|
SQL> select DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE —————- PRIMARY TO STANDBY READ WRITE |
备库：
|
SQL> select DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE —————- PHYSICAL STANDBY |
DGMGRIL控制台切换主备库
|
DGMGRL> show Configuration – Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: orcl – Primary database orcls – Physical standby database Fast-Start Configuration SUCCESS DGMGRL> Performing Operation Connecting to Connected. New primary Operation Starting instance ORACLE instance Database mounted. Database opened. Switchover succeeded, DGMGRL> DGMGRL> show Configuration – Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: orcls – Primary database orcl – Physical standby database Fast-Start Configuration SUCCESS DGMGRL> |
DGMGRIL控制台手工切换主备库的结果检查
|
新主库： SQL> select DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE —————————— orcls PRIMARY TO STANDBY READ WRITE 新备库： SQL> select DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS OPEN_MODE —————————— orcl PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED MOUNTED |
12、启动DG FFS即启动Failvoer Fast Start
启用FFS必须满足的条件
主备库日志同步模式是自动同步
LogXptMode='async'
EDIT DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';
EDIT DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY
LogXptMode='async';
主备库均开启闪回，目的是启动快速自动恢复数据库
select name,db_unique_name,flashback_on
from v$database;
处理standby的备库打开闪回
alter database open read only;
alter database flashback on;
12. 启用DG的FFS
启用主备库的FFS
edit database orcl set property
FastStartFailoverTarget=orcls;
edit database orcls set property FastStartFailoverTarget=orcl;
enable fast_start failover
启用结果
13、DG Broker FFS功能测试
主库shutdown abort故障模拟
登录主库发起shutdown abort
备库告警日志提示备库成功接管主库
observer提示角色自动切换
确认角色自动切换结果
主库恢复后启动
observer日志提示主备角色分配
原主库恢复后的主备库角色查看
原主库端查看
原备库端查看
看完上述内容，你们掌握如何进行 11.2.0.4 DG for linux 部署的方法了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注云搜网行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读！
