Centos7.3 Openstack-liberty安装部署记录

一、环境

1.1 安全

本指南会告诉你如何使用 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7和其衍生的EPEL仓库安装OpenStack。    
说明：目前统一采用Centos7.3版本进行Openstack-liberty版本的安装。测试实验了KVM环境下的创建安装使用虚拟机。

1.2 主机网络

1. 控制节点/计算节点 关闭防火墙和SELinux

systemctl stop iptables    
systemctl stop firewalld  
systemctl disable firewalld    
setenforce 0    
sed -i ‘s#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g’ /etc/sysconfig/selinux

yum install vim net-tools

2. 配置hosts文件

控制节点/计算节点配置hosts    
echo “192.168.0.231 controller” >> /etc/hosts    
echo “192.168.0.232 compute1” >> /etc/hosts

1.3 设置时间同步

1) 控制节点

# yum install -y chrony    
# vim /etc/chrony.conf    
allow 192.168/16 #允许那些服务器和自己同步时间

# systemctl enable chronyd.service           #开机启动    
# systemctl start chronyd.service    
# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai     #设置时区    
# timedatectl status

2）计算节点

# yum install -y chrony    
# vim /etc/chrony.conf    
server 192.168.1.17 iburst #只留一行

# systemctl enable chronyd.service    
# systemctl start chronyd.service    
# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai    
# chronyc sources

1.4 安装Openstack软件包

1. 准备OpenStack安装包 yum源

# vi CentOS-OpenStack-liberty.repo

[centos-openstack-liberty]    
name=CentOS-7 – OpenStack liberty    
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/cloud/$basearch/openstack-liberty/    
gpgcheck=0    
enabled=1    
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-Centos-7

[centos-openstack-liberty-test]    
name=CentOS-7 – OpenStack liberty Testing    
baseurl=http://buildlogs.centos.org/centos/7/cloud/$basearch/openstack-liberty/    
gpgcheck=0    
enabled=0

# 或采用 CentOS7安装OpenStack提供的epel源

# yum install -y centos-release-openstack-liberty

2. 安装openstack

1) 控制节点安装 openstack

#Base    
yum install -y http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-8.noarch.rpm    
yum install -y centos-release-openstack-liberty    
yum install -y python-openstackclient

##MySQL    
yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server MySQL-python

##RabbitMQ    
yum install -y rabbitmq-server

##Keystone    
yum install -y openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi memcached python-memcached

##Glance    
yum install -y openstack-glance python-glance python-glanceclient

##Nova    
yum install -y openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-cert openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler python-novaclient

##Neutron linux-node1.example.com    
yum install -y openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge python-neutronclient ebtables ipset

##Dashboard    
yum install -y openstack-dashboard

##Cinder    
yum install -y openstack-cinder python-cinderclient

2）计算节点安装 openstack

##Base    
yum install -y http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-8.noarch.rpm    
yum install centos-release-openstack-liberty    
yum install python-openstackclient

##Nova    
yum install -y openstack-nova-compute sysfsutils

##Neutron    
yum install -y openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset

##Cinder    
yum install -y openstack-cinder python-cinderclient targetcli python-oslo-policy

1.5 安装SQL数据库

1. 安装数据库

[root@controller ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server MySQL-python    
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb_openstack.cnf

[mysqld]    
bind-address = 192.168.0.231    
default-storage-engine = innodb    
innodb_file_per_table    
collation-server = utf8_general_ci    
init-connect = ‘SET NAMES utf8’    
character-set-server = utf8    
max_connections=1000

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service    
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

2. 创建密码: openstack

[root@controller ~]# mysql_secure_installation

3. 调整数据库最大连接数：

[root@controller ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service

[Service]新添加两行如下参数：    
LimitNOFILE=10000    
LimitNPROC=10000

systemctl –system daemon-reload    
systemctl restart mariadb.service

mysql -uroot -popenstack    
SQL> show variables like ‘max_connections’;

4. 创建数据库

# mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE keystone;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;

CREATE DATABASE glance;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;

CREATE DATABASE nova;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO ‘nova’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO ‘nova’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;

CREATE DATABASE neutron;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO ‘neutron’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO ‘neutron’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;

CREATE DATABASE cinder;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO ‘cinder’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘cinder’;    
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO ‘cinder’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘openstack’;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;    
SHOW DATABASES;

1.6 消息队列 rabbitmq支持集群。

1）在控制节点上安装与启动rabbitmq, 监听5672端口

yum install rabbitmq-server

systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service    
systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

# netstat -tunlp  | grep 5672    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:15672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1694/beam.smp      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1694/beam.smp      
tcp6       0      0 :::5672                 :::*                    LISTEN      1694/beam.smp

2) 添加 openstack 用户:

# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack openstack

3) 授权用户 openstack 读、写、配置的权限

# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack “.*” “.*” “.*”

4) 查看安装插件

# rabbitmq-plugins list

5) 启用管理插件

# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

The following plugins have been enabled:    
  mochiweb    
  webmachine    
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch    
  amqp_client    
  rabbitmq_management_agent    
  rabbitmq_management    
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@controller… started 6 plugins.

# rabbitmq-plugins list

#会启用如下服务：    
Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled    
| Status:   * = running on rabbit@controller    
|/    
[e*] amqp_client                       3.6.5    
[e*] mochiweb                          2.13.1    
[E*] rabbitmq_management               3.6.5    
[e*] rabbitmq_management_agent         3.6.5    
[e*] rabbitmq_web_dispatch             3.6.5    
[e*] webmachine                        1.10.3

6）重启

# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

会启动15672端口的web界面

7) 登录以及添加openstack为administrator

http://192.168.0.231:15672

guest/guest 默认密码,也为管理员    

注：配置openstack/openstack为tags为administrator

二、 配置keystone

keystone 安装在 controller 节点，为了提高服务性能，使用 apache 提供WEB请求，由 memcached 来保存 Token 信息

2.1 安装keystone软件包

# yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi memcached python-memcached

2.2 配置 keystone

注意：不同版本号的keystone，其默认配置可能会有所不同

openssl rand -hex 10

c885b63d0ce5760ff23e

随机一个值。改成admin_token值

cat /etc/keystone/keystone.conf |grep -v “^#” | grep -v “^$”

[DEFAULT]    
admin_token = c885b63d0ce5760ff23e

[database]    
connection = mysql://keystone:openstack@192.168.0.231/keystone

[memcache]    
servers = 192.168.0.231:11211

[revoke]    
driver = sql

[token]    
provider = uuid    
driver = memcache

2.3 初始化数据库

1）初始化数据库

# chown -R keystone:keystone /var/log/keystone    
# su -s /bin/sh -c “keystone-manage db_sync” keystone

##############################################################################    
会在/var/log/keystone/ 下生成一个keystone.log日志，keystone在启动时会写该文件。    
##############################################################################

2）验证数据库

# mysql -h 192.168.0.231 -ukeystone -popenstack -e “use keystone;show tables;”

3）启动memcache

systemctl enable memcached.service    
systemctl start memcached.service

# netstat -tunlp | grep 11211    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:11211         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3288/memcached     
tcp6       0      0 ::1:11211               :::*                    LISTEN      3288/memcached     
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:11211         0.0.0.0:*                           3288/memcached     
udp6       0      0 ::1:11211               :::*                                3288/memcached

2.4 配置HTTP服务器

1) 修改服务器名

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf    
ServerName 192.168.0.231:80

2) 添加 keystone 的服务

# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi-keystone.conf

Listen 5000    
Listen 35357

<VirtualHost *:5000>    
    WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}    
    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public    
    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public    
    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}    
    WSGIPassAuthorization On    
    <IfVersion >= 2.4>    
      ErrorLogFormat “%{cu}t %M”    
    </IfVersion>    
    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-error.log    
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-access.log combined

    <Directory /usr/bin>    
        <IfVersion >= 2.4>    
            Require all granted    
        </IfVersion>    
        <IfVersion < 2.4>    
            Order allow,deny    
            Allow from all    
        </IfVersion>    
    </Directory>    
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:35357>    
    WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-admin processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}    
    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-admin    
    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-admin    
    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}    
    WSGIPassAuthorization On    
    <IfVersion >= 2.4>    
      ErrorLogFormat “%{cu}t %M”    
    </IfVersion>    
    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-error.log    
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-access.log combined

    <Directory /usr/bin>    
        <IfVersion >= 2.4>    
            Require all granted    
        </IfVersion>    
        <IfVersion < 2.4>    
            Order allow,deny    
            Allow from all    
        </IfVersion>    
    </Directory>    
</VirtualHost>

3) 启动HTTP服务器

systemctl enable httpd.service    
systemctl start httpd.service

验证:

[root@controller ~]# ss -ntl | grep -E “5000|35357”    
LISTEN     0      128          *:35357                    *:*                 
LISTEN     0      128          *:5000                     *:*                 

2.5 注册服务实体及API

2.5.1 配置环境变量

[root@controller ~]#

export OS_TOKEN=c885b63d0ce5760ff23e    
export OS_URL=http://192.168.0.231:35357/v3    
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

2.5.2 keystone服务注册

[root@controller ~]# openstack service create –name keystone –description “OpenStack Identity” identity

2.5.3 keystone API注册admin 管理的、public公共的、internal内部的

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne identity public http://192.168.0.231:5000/v2.0    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne identity internal http://192.168.0.231:5000/v2.0    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne identity admin http://192.168.0.231:35357/v2.0

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint list

+———————————-+———–+————–+————–+———+———–+———————————+    
| ID                               | Region    | Service Name | Service Type | Enabled | Interface | URL                             |    
+———————————-+———–+————–+————–+———+———–+———————————+    
| 05a5e9b559664d848b45d353d12594c1 | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | admin     | http://192.168.0.231:35357/v2.0 |    
| 9a240664c4dc438aa8b9f892c668cb27 | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | internal  | http://192.168.0.231:5000/v2.0  |    
| e63642b80e4f45b69866825e9e1b9837 | RegionOne | keystone     | identity     | True    | public    | http://192.168.0.231:5000/v2.0  |    
+———————————-+———–+————–+————–+———+———–+———————————+

2.6 创建项目、用户及规则

2.6.1 创建 admin 项目\admin 用户\ admin 角色并把 admin 项目、admin 角色、admin 用户关联起来

[root@controller ~]# openstack project create –domain default –description “Admin Project” admin    
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create –domain default –password=openstack admin    
[root@controller ~]# openstack role create admin    
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add –project admin –user admin admin

[root@controller ~]# openstack user list    
+———————————-+——-+    
| ID                               | Name  |    
+———————————-+——-+    
| e2bae88d31b54e4ab1a4cb2251da8a6a | admin |    
+———————————-+——-+

2.6.2 创建 demo 项目\创建 demo 用户\创建 user 角色\ 并把 demo 项目、user 角色、demo 用户关联起来

[root@controller ~]# openstack project create –domain default –description “Demo Project” demo    
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create –domain default –password=openstack demo    
[root@controller ~]# openstack role create user    
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add –project demo –user demo user

[root@controller ~]# openstack user list    
+———————————-+——-+    
| ID                               | Name  |    
+———————————-+——-+    
| 4151e2b9b78842d282250d4cfb31ebba | demo  |    
| 508b377f6f3a478f80a5a019e2c5b10a | admin |    
+———————————-+——-+

2.6.3 创建 service 项目

[root@controller ~]# openstack project create –domain default –description “Service Project” service

查看项目：    
[root@controller ~]# openstack project list    
+———————————-+———+    
| ID                               | Name    |    
+———————————-+———+    
| 184655bf46de4c3fbc0f8f13d1d9bfb8 | service |    
| 3bfa1c4208d7482a8f21709d458f924e | demo    |    
| 77f86bae2d344a658f26f71d03933c45 | admin   |    
+———————————-+———+

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint delete ID    

2.7 密码验证keystone正确性

为了验证，临时改环境变量, 要使用用户名密码验证，不需要token验证，要去掉环境变量。

[root@controller ~]# unset OS_TOKEN OS_URL

为 admin 用户请求 token

[root@controller ~]# openstack –os-auth-url http://192.168.0.231:35357/v3 \    
   –os-project-domain-id default –os-user-domain-id default \    
   –os-project-name admin –os-username admin –os-auth-type password token issue    
Password:    
+————+———————————-+    
| Field      | Value                            |    
+————+———————————-+    
| expires    | 2017-05-10T03:12:15.764769Z      |    
| id         | b28410f9c6314cd8aebeca0beb478bf9 |    
| project_id | 79d295e81e5a4255a02a8ea26ae4606a |    
| user_id    | 4015e1151aee4ab7811f320378ce6031 |    
+————+———————————-+

为 domo 用户请求 token    
[root@controller ~]# openstack –os-auth-url http://192.168.0.231:5000/v3 \    
   –os-project-domain-name default –os-user-domain-name default \    
   –os-project-name demo –os-username demo token issue    
Password:    
+————+———————————-+    
| Field      | Value                            |    
+————+———————————-+    
| expires    | 2017-05-10T03:12:59.252178Z      |    
| id         | 110b9597c5fd49ac9ac3c1957648ede7 |    
| project_id | ce0af495eb844e199db649d7f7baccb4 |    
| user_id    | afd908684eee42aaa7d73e22671eee24 |    
+————+———————————-+

2.8 使用环境变量脚本

1.创建 admin 用户的环境脚本

[root@controller ~]# vim admin-openrc.sh    
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_ID=default    
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_ID=default    
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin    
export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin    
export OS_USERNAME=admin    
export OS_PASSWORD=openstack    
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.0.231:35357/v3    
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

2.创建 demo 用户的环境脚本

[root@controller ~]# vim demo-openrc.sh    
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_ID=default    
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_ID=default    
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo    
export OS_TENANT_NAME=demo    
export OS_USERNAME=demo    
export OS_PASSWORD=openstack    
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.0.231:5000/v3    
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

3. 使用脚本测试    
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh    
[root@controller ~]# openstack token issue    
+————+———————————-+    
| Field      | Value                            |    
+————+———————————-+    
| expires    | 2017-05-10T03:19:08.928697Z      |    
| id         | df25646c15cb433ab7251dcd0308ecbf |    
| project_id | 79d295e81e5a4255a02a8ea26ae4606a |    
| user_id    | 4015e1151aee4ab7811f320378ce6031 |    
+————+———————————-+

三、安装镜像服务(glance)

glance为用户提供虚拟机镜像的发现、注册和取回服务。默认把镜像存放在 /var/lib/glance/p_w_picpaths/ 目录下

3.1 环境准备

使用 admin 权限

[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh

1) 创建 glance 用户\把 service 项目、admin角色、glance 用户关联起来

[root@controller ~]# openstack user create –domain default –password=openstack glance    
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add –project service –user glance admin

2) 注册名为p_w_picpath的服务

[root@controller ~]# openstack service create –name glance –description “OpenStack Image service” p_w_picpath

3) 注册API端点

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne  p_w_picpath public http://192.168.0.231:9292    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne  p_w_picpath internal http://192.168.0.231:9292    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne  p_w_picpath admin http://192.168.0.231:9292

3.2 安装与配置

3.2.1 安装程序包

[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-glance python-glance python-glanceclient

3.2.2 修改glance配置

1. 配置镜像的创建删除回收服务

cat /etc/glance/glance-api.conf |grep -v “^#” | grep -v “^$”

[DEFAULT]    
verbose=True    
notification_driver = noop

[database]    
connection = mysql://glance:openstack@192.168.0.231/glance

[glance_store]    
default_store=file    
filesystem_store_datadir=/var/lib/glance/p_w_picpaths/

[keystone_authtoken]    
auth_uri=http://192.168.0.231:5000    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
project_name=service    
username=glance    
password=openstack

[paste_deploy]    
flavor=keystone

2. 配置云系统的镜像注册服务

cat /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf |grep -v “^#” | grep -v “^$”

[DEFAULT]    
verbose=True    
notification_driver = noop

[database]    
connection = mysql://glance:openstack@192.168.0.231/glance

[keystone_authtoken]    
auth_uri=http://192.168.0.231:5000    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
project_name=service    
username=glance    
password=openstack

[paste_deploy]    
flavor=keystone

3.2.3 导入数据

1）初始化数据库

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “glance-manage db_sync” glance

No handlers could be found for logger “oslo_config.cfg”    
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py:450: Warning: Duplicate index `ix_p_w_picpath_properties_p_w_picpath_id_name`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release.    
  cursor.execute(statement, parameters)

这个错误可以忽略, 可以用mysql测试数据库登录与创建是否成功。

2）验证数据库

# mysql -h 192.168.0.231 -uglance -popenstack -e “use glance;show tables;”

3.3 启动openstack-glance服务

# systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service    
# systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service

验证:

[root@controller ~]# ss -ntl | grep -E “9191|9292”    
LISTEN     0      128          *:9292                     *:*                 
LISTEN     0      128          *:9191                     *:*          

3.4  glance安装验证

我们使用一个非常小的系统镜像来验证 glance 是否成功部署

1. 修改环境变量脚本

[root@controller ~]# echo “export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2” | tee -a admin-openrc.sh demo-openrc.sh    
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh    
[root@controller ~]# wget http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/p_w_picpaths/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2

2. 上传镜像给 glance

[root@controller ~]# glance p_w_picpath-create –name “CentOS-7-x86_64” –file CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2 –disk-format qcow2 –container-format bare \    
                     –visibility public –progress

[=============================>] 100%    
+——————+————————————–+    
| Property         | Value                                |    
+——————+————————————–+    
| checksum         | 212b6a881800cad892347073f0de2117     |    
| container_format | bare                                 |    
| created_at       | 2017-05-22T10:13:24Z                 |    
| disk_format      | qcow2                                |    
| id               | e7e2316a-f585-488e-9fd9-85ce75b098d4 |    
| min_disk         | 0                                    |    
| min_ram          | 0                                    |    
| name             | CentOS-7-x86_64                      |    
| owner            | be420231d13848809da36178cbac4d22     |    
| protected        | False                                |    
| size             | 741539840                            |    
| status           | active                               |    
| tags             | []                                   |    
| updated_at       | 2017-05-22T10:13:31Z                 |    
| virtual_size     | None                                 |    
| visibility       | public                               |    
+——————+————————————–+

3. 查看已上传的镜像

[root@controller ~]# glance p_w_picpath-list    
+————————————–+—————–+    
| ID                                   | Name            |    
+————————————–+—————–+    
| 2ac90c0c-b923-43ff-8f99-294195a64ced | CentOS-7-x86_64 |    
+————————————–+—————–+

查看磁盘上的文件：    
[root@controller ~]# ll /var/lib/glance/p_w_picpaths/    
总用量 12980    
-rw-r—–. 1 glance glance 1569390592 Aug 26 12:50 2ac90c0c-b923-43ff-8f99-294195a64ced

四、安装计算服务(nova)

4.1 安装及配置控制节点(controller)

这一部分讲述的是 nova 在控制节点（compute）上的部署

4.2 控制节点创建 nova 用户才及注册

1. 使用 admin 用户权限

[root@controller ~]#  source admin-openrc.sh

2. 创建 nova 用户\角色\服务

[root@controller ~]# openstack user create –domain default –password=openstack nova    
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add –project service –user nova admin    
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create –name nova –description “OpenStack Compute” compute

3. 注册API

[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne compute public http://192.168.0.231:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne compute internal http://192.168.0.231:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne  compute admin http://192.168.0.231:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s

4.3 控制节点安装以及配置组件

4.3.1 安装组件

# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-cert \    
                     openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-console \    
                     openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler \    
                     python-novaclient

4.3.2 修改nova配置

cat /etc/nova/nova.conf|grep -v “^#” | grep -v “^$”

[DEFAULT]    
my_ip=192.168.0.231    
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata    
auth_strategy=keystone    
allow_resize_to_same_host=True    
network_api_class=nova.network.neutronv2.api.API    
linuxnet_interface_driver=nova.network.linux_net.NeutronLinuxBridgeInterfaceDriver    
security_group_api=neutron    
scheduler_default_filters=RetryFilter,AvailabilityZoneFilter,RamFilter,DiskFilter,ComputeFilter,ComputeCapabilitiesFilter,ImagePropertiesFilter,ServerGroupAntiAffinityFilter,ServerGroupAffinityFilter    
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver    
verbose=true    
rpc_backend=rabbit

[database]    
connection=mysql://nova:openstack@192.168.0.231/nova

[glance]    
host=192.168.0.231

[keystone_authtoken]    
auth_uri=http://192.168.0.231:5000    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
project_name=service    
username=nova    
password=openstack

[libvirt]    
virt_type=kvm

[neutron]    
url=http://192.168.0.231:9696    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
region_name=RegionOne    
project_name=service    
username=neutron    
password=openstack    
service_metadata_proxy=true    
metadata_proxy_shared_secret=METADATA_SECRET    
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp

[oslo_concurrency]    
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp

[oslo_messaging_rabbit]    
rabbit_host=192.168.0.231    
rabbit_port=5672    
rabbit_userid=openstack    
rabbit_password=openstack

[vnc]    
vncserver_listen=$my_ip    
vncserver_proxyclient_address=$my_ip

4.3.3 数据导入

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage db sync” nova

No handlers could be found for logger “oslo_config.cfg”    
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py:450: Warning: Duplicate index `block_device_mapping_instance_uuid_virtual_name_device_name_idx`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release.    
  cursor.execute(statement, parameters)    
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py:450: Warning: Duplicate index `uniq_instances0uuid`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release.    
  cursor.execute(statement, parameters)

# mysql -h 192.168.0.231 -unova -popenstack -e “use nova;show tables;”

4.3.4 完成安装

# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \    
  openstack-nova-cert.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \    
  openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service \    
  openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \    
  openstack-nova-cert.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \    
  openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service \    
  openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

[root@controller ~]# openstack host list   
+————+————-+———-+    
| Host Name  | Service     | Zone     |    
+————+————-+———-+    
| controller | consoleauth | internal | //consoleauth用来做控制台验证的    
| controller | conductor   | internal | //conductor用来访问数据库    
| controller | cert        | internal | //cert用来作身份验证    
| controller | scheduler   | internal | //scheduler用来作调度的    
+————+————-+———-+

4.4 安装及配置计算节点(compute)

这一部分讲述的是 nova 在计算节点（compute）上的部署

4.4.1 安装计算节点安装

[root@compute1 ~]# yum install openstack-nova-compute sysfsutils

4.4.2 拷贝控制节点nova.conf并编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]    
my_ip=192.168.0.232

[vnc]    
enabled = True    
vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0    
vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip    
novncproxy_base_url = http://192.168.0.231:6080/vnc_auto.html    
keymap=en-us

[glance]    
host = 192.168.0.231

[libvirt]    
virt_type=kvm

查看配置文件是否正常：

[root@compute1 ~]# cat /etc/nova/nova.conf |grep -v “^#” | grep -v “^$”

[DEFAULT]    
my_ip=192.168.0.232    
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata    
auth_strategy=keystone    
allow_resize_to_same_host=True    
network_api_class=nova.network.neutronv2.api.API    
linuxnet_interface_driver=nova.network.linux_net.NeutronLinuxBridgeInterfaceDriver    
security_group_api=neutron    
scheduler_default_filters=RetryFilter,AvailabilityZoneFilter,RamFilter,DiskFilter,ComputeFilter,ComputeCapabilitiesFilter,ImagePropertiesFilter,ServerGroupAntiAffinityFilter,ServerGroupAffinityFilter    
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver    
verbose=true    
rpc_backend=rabbit

[database]    
connection=mysql://nova:openstack@192.168.0.231/nova

[glance]    
host=192.168.0.231

[keystone_authtoken]    
auth_uri=http://192.168.0.231:5000    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
project_name=service    
username=nova    
password=openstack

[libvirt]    
virt_type=kvm    
inject_password =true    
inject_key = true

[neutron]    
url=http://192.168.0.231:9696    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
region_name=RegionOne    
project_name=service    
username=neutron    
password=openstack    
service_metadata_proxy=true    
metadata_proxy_shared_secret=METADATA_SECRET    
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp

[oslo_concurrency]    
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp

[oslo_messaging_rabbit]    
rabbit_host=192.168.0.231    
rabbit_port=5672    
rabbit_userid=openstack    
rabbit_password=openstack

[vnc]    
novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.0.231:6080/vnc_auto.html    
vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0    
vncserver_proxyclient_address=$my_ip    
enabled=true

检查服务器是否支持硬件虚拟化:

[root@compute1 ~]# egrep -c ‘(vmx|svm)’ /proc/cpuinfo    
4

如果显示的数字是0，则表示不支持硬件虚拟化.

4.4.3 完成安装 启动服务

[root@compute1 ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service    
[root@compute1 ~]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

4.4.4 验证,拉取环境变量配置脚本

[root@compute1 ~]# scp controller:~/*openrc.sh .    
root@controller’s password:    
admin-openrc.sh                                                                    100%  289     0.3KB/s   00:00   
demo-openrc.sh                                                                     100%  285     0.3KB/s   00:00

[root@compute1 ~]# source admin-openrc.sh

1. 安装是否成功并注册测试与glance是否正常

[root@compute1 ~]# nova p_w_picpath-list    
+————————————–+—————–+——–+——–+    
| ID                                   | Name            | Status | Server |    
+————————————–+—————–+——–+——–+    
| 2ac90c0c-b923-43ff-8f99-294195a64ced | CentOS-6-x86_64 | ACTIVE |        |    
+————————————–+—————–+——–+——–+

[root@compute1 ~]# openstack host list    
+————+————-+———-+    
| Host Name  | Service     | Zone     |    
+————+————-+———-+    
| controller | consoleauth | internal |    
| controller | conductor   | internal |    
| controller | cert        | internal |    
| controller | scheduler   | internal |    
| compute1   | compute     | nova     |    
+————+————-+———-+

2. 查看 nova 服务组件

[root@compute1 ~]# nova service-list    
+—-+——————+————+———-+———+——-+—————————-+—————–+    
| Id | Binary           | Host       | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated_at                 | Disabled Reason |    
+—-+——————+————+———-+———+——-+—————————-+—————–+    
| 1  | nova-consoleauth | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2017-05-10T09:17:29.000000 | –               |    
| 2  | nova-conductor   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2017-05-10T09:17:31.000000 | –               |    
| 4  | nova-cert        | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2017-05-10T09:17:29.000000 | –               |    
| 5  | nova-scheduler   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2017-05-10T09:17:29.000000 | –               |    
| 6  | nova-compute     | compute1   | nova     | enabled | up    | 2017-05-10T09:17:33.000000 | –               |    
+—-+——————+————+———-+———+——-+—————————-+—————–+

3. 查看API端点（可以忽 WARNING 级别的信息）

[root@compute1 ~]# nova endpoints

五、安装网络组件（neutron）

5.1 安装及配置 controller 节点

1.  使用 admin 权限

[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh    
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create –domain default –password=openstack neutron    
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add –project service –user neutron admin    
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create –name neutron –description “OpenStack Networking” network    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne  network public http://192.168.0.231:9696    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne network internal http://192.168.0.231:9696    
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create –region RegionOne  network admin http://192.168.0.231:9696

2. 配置网络,本例采用扁平网络

（1）安装相关组件

[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge python-neutronclient ebtables ipset

（2）配置 neutron 服务端组件

服务端组件配置包含数据库、认证、消息队列、拓朴变化通知、插件

vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[DEFAULT]    
state_path = /var/lib/neutron    
core_plugin = ml2    
service_plugins = router    
rpc_backend=rabbit    
auth_strategy=keystone    
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes=True    
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes=True    
nova_url=http://192.168.0.231:8774/v2    
verbose=True

[database]    
connection = mysql://neutron:openstack@192.168.0.231/neutron

[oslo_messaging_rabbit]    
rabbit_host = 192.168.0.231    
rabbit_port = 5672    
rabbit_userid = openstack    
rabbit_password = openstack

[oslo_concurrency]    
lock_path = $state_path/lock

[keystone_authtoken]    
auth_uri=http://192.168.0.231:5000    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
project_name=service    
username=neutron    
password=openstack    
admin_tenant_name = %SERVICE_TENANT_NAME%    
admin_user = %SERVICE_USER%    
admin_password = %SERVICE_PASSWORD%

[nova]    
auth_url=http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_plugin=password    
project_domain_id=default    
user_domain_id=default    
region_name=RegionOne    
project_name=service    
username=nova    
password=openstack

（3）配置 ML2 plug-in （二层网络插件）

vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini

[ml2]    
# 注意：启用ML2后，如果删除了type_drivers的值将导致数据库异常    
type_drivers = flat,vlan,gre,vxlan,geneve    
tenant_network_types = vlan,gre,vxlan,geneve    
mechanism_drivers = openvswitch,linuxbridge    
extension_drivers = port_security

[ml2_type_flat]    
flat_networks = physnet1

[securitygroup]    
enable_ipset = True

（4）配置 Linux bridge agent

vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[linux_bridge]    
physical_interface_mappings = physnet1:eth0

[vxlan]    
enable_vxlan = False

[agent]    
prevent_arp_spoofing = True

[securitygroup]    
enable_security_group = True    
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

（5）配置 DHCP Agent

vi /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]    
interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.BridgeInterfaceDriver    
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq    
enable_isolated_metadata = True

（6）配置 metadata agent

vi /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]    
auth_uri = http://192.168.0.231:5000    
auth_url = http://192.168.0.231:35357    
auth_region = RegionOne    
auth_plugin = password    
project_domain_id = default    
user_domain_id = default    
project_name = service    
username = neutron    
password = openstack    
nova_metadata_ip = 192.168.0.231    
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET    
verbose = True    
admin_tenant_name = %SERVICE_TENANT_NAME%    
admin_user = %SERVICE_USER%    
admin_password = %SERVICE_PASSWORD%

（7）完成安装,建立链接

[root@controller ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

同步数据

[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c “neutron-db-manage –config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \    
   –config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head” neutron

重启nova-api服务

[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

启动及配置开机启动

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable neutron-server.service \    
   neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \    
   neutron-metadata-agent.service

[root@controller ~]# systemctl start neutron-server.service \    
   neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \    
   neutron-metadata-agent.service

[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh    
[root@controller ~]# neutron agent-list

需要等60秒以上才能出来。    
+————————————–+——————–+————+——-+—————-+—————————+    
| id                                   | agent_type         | host       | alive | admin_state_up | binary                    |    
+————————————–+——————–+————+——-+—————-+—————————+    
| 5d05a4fc-3a5e-49ef-b9da-28c7f4969532 | DHCP agent         | controller | 🙂   | True           | neutron-dhcp-agent        |    
| 6e1979c0-c576-42d1-a7d7-5d28cfa74793 | Metadata agent     | controller | 🙂   | True           | neutron-metadata-agent    |    
| f4af7059-0f36-430a-beee-f168ff55fd90 | Linux bridge agent | controller | 🙂   | True           | neutron-linuxbridge-agent |    
+————————————–+——————–+————+——-+—————-+—————————+

5.2 安装及配置 compute 节点

1. 组件安装

# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset

2. 公共组件配置

网络公共组件配置包含认证、消息队列和插件，直接从控制节点上拷贝。

[root@controller ~]# scp /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 192.168.0.232:/etc/neutron/    
[root@controller ~]# scp /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini 192.168.0.232:/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/    
[root@controller ~]# scp /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini 192.168.0.232:/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/

完成安装,建立链接

[root@compute1 ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

[root@compute1 ~]# vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[database]    
# 注释掉该模块的所有配置，因不需要 compute 节点直接连接数据库

重启compute服务:

[root@compute1 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service

启动Linux bridge agent并设置开机自启动

[root@compute1 ~]# systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service    
[root@compute1 ~]# systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

5.3 验证

以下命令在controller节点上执行

[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh    
[root@controller ~]# neutron ext-list    
+———————–+———————————————–+    
| alias                 | name                                          |    
+———————–+———————————————–+    
| dns-integration       | DNS Integration                               |    
| ext-gw-mode           | Neutron L3 Configurable external gateway mode |    
| binding               | Port Binding                                  |    
| agent                 | agent                                         |    
| subnet_allocation     | Subnet Allocation                             |    
| l3_agent_scheduler    | L3 Agent Scheduler                            |    
| external-net          | Neutron external network                      |    
| flavors               | Neutron Service Flavors                       |    
| net-mtu               | Network MTU                                   |    
| quotas                | Quota management support                      |    
| l3-ha                 | HA Router extension                           |    
| provider              | Provider Network                              |    
| multi-provider        | Multi Provider Network                        |    
| extraroute            | Neutron Extra Route                           |    
| router                | Neutron L3 Router                             |    
| extra_dhcp_opt        | Neutron Extra DHCP opts                       |    
| security-group        | security-group                                |    
| dhcp_agent_scheduler  | DHCP Agent Scheduler                          |    
| rbac-policies         | RBAC Policies                                 |    
| port-security         | Port Security                                 |    
| allowed-address-pairs | Allowed Address Pairs                         |    
| dvr                   | Distributed Virtual Router                    |    
+———————–+———————————————–+

[root@controller ~]# neutron agent-list    
+————————————–+——————–+————+——-+—————-+—————————+    
| id                                   | agent_type         | host       | alive | admin_state_up | binary                    |    
+————————————–+——————–+————+——-+—————-+—————————+    
| 5d05a4fc-3a5e-49ef-b9da-28c7f4969532 | DHCP agent         | controller | 🙂   | True           | neutron-dhcp-agent        |    
| 6e1979c0-c576-42d1-a7d7-5d28cfa74793 | Metadata agent     | controller | 🙂   | True           | neutron-metadata-agent    |    
| f0aa7ff3-01c9-450f-bcc4-63ffee250bd7 | Linux bridge agent | compute1   | 🙂   | True           | neutron-linuxbridge-agent |    
| f4af7059-0f36-430a-beee-f168ff55fd90 | Linux bridge agent | controller | 🙂   | True           | neutron-linuxbridge-agent |    
+————————————–+——————–+————+——-+—————-+—————————+

下面这个应该能看到4个agent,3个在controller节点，1个在compute1节点

六、创建虚拟机实例

6.1 创建虚拟网络

6.1.1 创建共享网络

[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh    
[root@controller ~]# neutron net-create public –shared –provider:physical_network physnet1 –provider:network_type flat

Created a new network:    
+—————————+————————————–+    
| Field                     | Value                                |    
+—————————+————————————–+    
| admin_state_up            | True                                 |    
| id                        | 6759f3eb-a4c8-4503-b92b-da6daacf0ab4 |    
| mtu                       | 0                                    |    
| name                      | public                               |    
| port_security_enabled     | True                                 |    
| provider:network_type     | flat                                 |    
| provider:physical_network | physnet1                             |    
| provider:segmentation_id  |                                      |    
| router:external           | False                                |    
| shared                    | True                                 |    
| status                    | ACTIVE                               |    
| subnets                   |                                      |    
| tenant_id                 | 10952875490e43938d80d921337cb053     |    
+—————————+————————————–+    
–shared 表示允许所有的项目使用该网络

6.1.2 创建子网

[root@controller ~]# neutron subnet-create public 192.168.0.0/24 –name public-subunet –allocation-pool start=192.168.0.200,end=192.168.0.210\    
   –dns-nameserver 202.100.192.68 –gateway 192.168.0.253

Created a new subnet:    
+——————-+—————————————————-+    
| Field             | Value                                              |    
+——————-+—————————————————-+    
| allocation_pools  | {“start”: “192.168.0.200”, “end”: “192.168.0.210”} |    
| cidr              | 192.168.0.0/24                                     |    
| dns_nameservers   | 202.100.192.68                                     |    
| enable_dhcp       | True                                               |    
| gateway_ip        | 192.168.0.253                                      |    
| host_routes       |                                                    |    
| id                | da75b2db-56f4-45d2-b3f3-2ccf172f8798               |    
| ip_version        | 4                                                  |    
| ipv6_address_mode |                                                    |    
| ipv6_ra_mode      |                                                    |    
| name              | public-subunet                                     |    
| network_id        | 2e098da8-70f9-40bc-a393-868ed9a446cf               |    
| subnetpool_id     |                                                    |    
| tenant_id         | be420231d13848809da36178cbac4d22                   |    
+——————-+—————————————————-+

6.1.3 查看子网

[root@controller ~]# neutron net-list 

+————————————–+——–+—————————————————–+    
| id                                   | name   | subnets                                             |    
+————————————–+——–+—————————————————–+    
| 2e098da8-70f9-40bc-a393-868ed9a446cf | public | da75b2db-56f4-45d2-b3f3-2ccf172f8798 192.168.0.0/24 |    
+————————————–+——–+—————————————————–+

[root@controller ~]#  neutron subnet-list    
+————————————–+—————-+—————-+—————————————————-+    
| id                                   | name           | cidr           | allocation_pools                                   |    
+————————————–+—————-+—————-+—————————————————-+    
| da75b2db-56f4-45d2-b3f3-2ccf172f8798 | public-subunet | 192.168.0.0/24 | {“start”: “192.168.0.200”, “end”: “192.168.0.210”} |    
+————————————–+—————-+—————-+—————————————————-+

6.2 生成密钥对

6.2.1 使用admin权限

[root@controller ~]#  source admin-openrc.sh

6.2.2 生成密钥对

如果已有密钥，则可以不使用 ssh-keygen 重新生成

[root@controller ~]# ssh-keygen -q -N “”    
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):    
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-add –pub-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey

6.2.3 查看有哪些可用的密钥

[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-list    
+——-+————————————————-+    
| Name  | Fingerprint                                     |    
+——-+————————————————-+    
| mykey | bc:ca:8e:bb:61:01:7f:8a:ab:5e:d8:b2:2c:35:b7:83 |    
+——-+————————————————-+

6.3 添加安全规则组

默认情况下，安全规则组 default 会应用到所有的实例当中，它会通过防火墙规则来拒绝所有的远程访问。一般来说，我们通常会放行 ICMP 和 SSH 这两种协议的访问。

[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-add-rule default icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0    
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/0

七、控制面板（horizon）

7.1 通过虚拟控制台访问实例基于WEB的管理界面一般安装在 controller 节点上。

[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-dashboard

7.2 配置dashboard参数

[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

OPENSTACK_HOST = “controller”    
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [‘*’, ]    
CACHES = {    
    ‘default’: {    
         ‘BACKEND’: ‘django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache’,    
         ‘LOCATION’: ‘127.0.0.1:11211’,    
    }    
}    
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = “user”    
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True    
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {    
    “identity”: 3,    
    “volume”: 2,    
}    
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {    
    …    
    ‘enable_router’: False,    
    ‘enable_quotas’: False,    
    ‘enable_distributed_router’: False,    
    ‘enable_ha_router’: False,    
    ‘enable_lb’: False,    
    ‘enable_firewall’: False,    
    ‘enable_***’: False,    
    ‘enable_fip_topology_check’: False,    
}    
#时区设置    
TIME_ZONE = “Asia/Shanghai”

#创建虚拟机的时候可以修改密码

OPENSTACK_HYPERVISOR_FEATURES = {    
    ‘can_set_mount_point’: True,    
    ‘can_set_password’: True,    
    ‘requires_keypair’: True,    
}

7.3 配置开机启动

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service memcached.service    
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service

7.4 验证安装是否成功

用浏览器打开：http://192.168.0.231/dashboard

域： default    
用户： admin 或 demo 密码为自己创建的密码。

7.5  创建虚拟机实例

7.5.1 创建虚拟机实例过程

说明：官方下载的centos7镜像。不知道密码，需要在创建指定一个密码，默认是centos7 可以SSH登录，但是无法默认让root直接ssh登录，需要在创建虚拟机实例时取消root ssh登录 。

如果你希望SSH可以使用密码登录。那么你需要用脚本修改ssh root登录设置，不推荐用那个cirros镜像测试。  
#!/bin/sh    
sed -i ‘s/PasswordAuthentication no/PasswordAuthentication yes/g’ /etc/ssh/sshd_config    
systemctl restart sshd

7.5.2 虚拟机控制台登录

测试SSH登录

7.5.1 小节

通过安装openstack的过程理解openstack各个组件的工作原理以及具体实现方式，在这个基础上可以扩展其它内容。