首先了解socket工作原理，client－server模式
1、socket客户端：
2、socket类型
3、socket数据流
4、实验
（1）写一个client
服务端启动监听ip和端口
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ nc -l 1234
客户端连接服务端，发数据，关闭socket
pycharm中添加一个socket_client.py并之行：
import socket
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
s.sendall('hello world')
s.close()
服务端退出socket
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ nc -l 1234 hello world admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$
客户端发送10次
socket_client10.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #元祖（网络socket，tcp）
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
for i in range(10):
s.sendall('%s hello, world\n' %i)
time.sleep(1)
s.close()
服务端打印10次退出
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ nc -l 1234 0 hello, world 1 hello, world 2 hello, world 3 hello, world 4 hello, world 5 hello, world 6 hello, world 7 hello, world 8 hello, world 9 hello, world admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$
（2）写一个server
socket_server01.py
#coding=UTF-8 import socket import time HOST = '' #表示监听0.0.0.0 PORT = 1234 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络，tcp s.bind((HOST,PORT)) s.listen(1) #一次接受一个,写2也是一次接受一个 connect, address = s.accept() #接受客户端的请求，返回的是一个连结句柄connect＋地址 print 'connent',connect print 'Connected by', address while 1: data = connect.recv(1024) if not data: break connect.sendall(data.upper()) connect.close()
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py
启动程序并查看端口
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ netstat -an | grep 1234 tcp4 0 0 *.1234 *.* LISTEN
客户端：
socket-client for server.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
s.sendall('hello, world') #客户端发送1024字节
data = s.recv(1024) #接受服务器发送过来的数据
s.close()
print 'Received', repr(data) #打印服务端发送过来的数据
print data
客户端之行发送hello world，接受HELLO WORLD
python socket-client for server.py
Received 'HELLO, WORLD'
HELLO, WORLD
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x10427ec20>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 63878)
现在让客户端一直发，服务端一直接受数据，一端关闭socket连接，另一端也自动关闭连接
server端代码基本上不变
socket_server01.py
#coding=UTF-8 import socket import time HOST = '' #表示监听0.0.0.0 PORT = 1234 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络，tcp s.bind((HOST,PORT)) s.listen(1) #一次接受一个,写2也是一次接受一个 connect, address = s.accept() #接受客户端的请求，返回的是一个连结句柄connect＋地址 print 'connent',connect print 'Connected by', address while 1: data = connect.recv(1024) print data if not data: break connect.sendall(data.upper()) connect.close()
启动server，并查看端口：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ netstat -an | grep 1234 tcp4 0 0 *.1234 *.* LISTEN
client端代码：
vim clinet_not_stop.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
s.sendall('hello, world') #客户端发送1024字节
data = s.recv(1024) #接受服务器发送过来的数据
print data
time.sleep(1)
s.close()
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python python clinet_not_stop.py client接受到server大写返回 HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD
同时可以看到server端的来自client的发送数据，全部小写的hello world
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x10baedc20>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 64589)
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
按ctrl＋c终止传输
新的需求，客户端发送命令，服务端接收命令并之行，并返回结果，客户端使用exit或者quit，退出。
server：socket_server_command.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*- #coding=UTF-8 import socket from subprocess import Popen,PIPE HOST = '' #表示监听0.0.0.0 PORT = 1234 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络，tcp s.bind((HOST,PORT)) s.listen(1) #一次接受一个,写2也是一次接受一个 connect, address = s.accept() #接受客户端的请求，返回的是一个连结句柄connect＋地址 print 'connent',connect print 'Connected by', address while 1: cmd = connect.recv(1024) p = Popen(cmd, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, shell=True) stdout = p.stdout.read() stderr = p.stderr.read() if stdout: connect.sendall(stdout) if stderr: connect.sendall(stderr) if not cmd: break connect.close()
client：socket_clinet_command.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #参考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
cmd = raw_input("Please input cmd:").strip() #把空字符串命令去掉，做一个判断，非空再发送
if cmd.lower() == 'exit' or cmd.lower() == 'quit':
break
if cmd:
s.sendall(cmd) #客户端发送命令
data = s.recv(1024) #接受服务器发送过来的数据
print data
s.close()
server启动服务：（有客户端连接会显示连接句柄）
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server_command.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x109192de0>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 65512)
客户端启动并之行命令：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_clinet_command.py Please input cmd:date 2017年 6月10日 星期六 18时34分21秒 CST Please input cmd:pwd /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor Please input cmd:exit
5、实现FTP下载功能：
1、get source dest
2、重复文件，加.new
3、打印出来get下来的文件名是/tmp/hosts 还是/tmp/hosts.new
服务端：socket_server_ftp.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=UTF-8
import socket
from subprocess import Popen,PIPE
HOST = '' #表示监听0.0.0.0
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络，tcp
s.bind((HOST,PORT))
s.listen(1) #一次接受一个,写2也是一次接受一个
connect, address = s.accept() #接受客户端的请求，返回的是一个连结句柄connect＋地址
print 'connent',connect
print 'Connected by', address
while 1:
cmd = connect.recv(1024)
cmd_list = cmd.split()
if cmd_list[0] == 'get': #如果是get方法，读数据
with open(cmd_list[1]) as fd:
while True: #循环读取1024字节，然后返回一个数
data = fd.read(1024)
connect.sendall(data)
if not data: #数据读完了，跳出while循环
connect.sendall('EOF')
break
if not cmd: break
connect.close()
客户端：socket_clinet_ftp.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #参考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
import os
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
cmd = raw_input("Please input cmd:").strip() #把空字符串命令去掉，做一个判断，非空再发送
if cmd.lower() == 'exit' or cmd.lower() == 'quit':
break
cmd_list = cmd.split()
if len(cmd_list) != 3:
print "Ex: get file1 file2"
continue
else:
s.sendall(cmd) #客户端发送命令
if not os.path.exists(cmd_list[2]):
dst_file = cmd_list[2]
else:
dst_file = cmd_list[2]+'.new'
n = 1 #定义一个变量，第一次打开文件是wb方式，第二次打开文件是a（追加）的方式打开。
while True:
data_rev = s.recv(1024) # 接受服务器发送过来的数据,但是服务器发送完数据，客户端仍在等待，就会卡住。用EOF，就break
if data_rev.endswith('EOF'):
data = data_rev[:-3]
else:
data = data_rev
if n == 1:
with open(dst_file, 'wb') as fd:
fd.write(data)
else:
with open(dst_file, 'a') as fd:
fd.write(data)
print data
n +=1
print "destination file is %s" %dst_file
if data_rev[-3:] == 'EOF': #如果最后三个字符是EOF，退出ftp
break
s.close()
启动服务端：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server_ftp.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x104ecbde0>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 53858)
启动客户端：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_clinet_ftp.py Please input cmd:get /etc/hosts /tmp/hosts destination file is /tmp/hosts Please input cmd:get /etc/hosts /tmp/hosts destination file is /tmp/hosts.new
6、SocketServer
socketserver是一个类，自带多线程
编写一个hander类，继承BaseRequestHander，重写handle()方法
针对tcp还是udp生成一个server对象
调用server对象的handle_request或者sever_forver方法
（1）socket server官方的例子，一个脚本中服务端核客户端
https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/socketserver.html?highlight=socketserver
vim socket-threading-thread.py import socket import threading import SocketServer class ThreadedTCPRequestHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): data = self.request.recv(1024) cur_thread = threading.current_thread() response = "%s %s" % (cur_thread.name, data) self.request.sendall(response) class ThreadedTCPServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer): pass def client(ip, port, message): sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.connect((ip, port)) try: sock.sendall(message) response = sock.recv(1024) print response finally: sock.close() if __name__ == "__main__": # Port 0 means to select an arbitrary unused port HOST, PORT = "localhost", 0 server = ThreadedTCPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedTCPRequestHandler) ip, port = server.server_address # Start a thread with the server -- that thread will then start one # more thread for each request server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever) # Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates server_thread.daemon = True server_thread.start() print "Server loop running in thread:", server_thread.name client(ip, port, "Hello World 1") client(ip, port, "Hello World 2") client(ip, port, "Hello World 3") server.shutdown() server.server_close()
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket-threading-thread.py Server loop running in thread: Thread-1 Thread-2 Hello World 1 Thread-3 Hello World 2 Thread-4 Hello World 3
（2）多个客户端同时连接一个服务器
服务器不退出
任何一个客户端都会有返回的结果
服务端代码：
vim socket_clinet_command.py #-*-coding: UTF-8 -*- #coding=UTF-8 import socket import threading import SocketServer class ThreadedTCPRequestHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): while True: self.data = self.request.recv(1024).strip() print self.client_address[0] print self.data self.request.sendall(self.data.upper()) if not self.data: break class ThreadedTCPServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer): pass if __name__ == "__main__": # Port 0 means to select an arbitrary unused port #HOST, PORT = "localhost", 9999 HOST = 'localhost' PORT = 9999 server = ThreadedTCPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedTCPRequestHandler) # Start a thread with the server -- that thread will then start one # more thread for each request server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever) # Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates server_thread.daemon = True server_thread.start() print "Server loop running in thread:", server_thread.name ##主要进程不退出 server.serve_forever()
客户端代码：
socketserver_clinet.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #参考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
import os
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 9999
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
s.sendall('hello, world')
data = s.recv(1024)
print data
time.sleep(1)
s.close()
启动服务端
Server loop running in thread: Thread-1 127.0.0.1 hello, world 127.0.0.1 hello, world 127.0.0.1 hello, world 127.0.0.1 hello, world
分别启动两个客户端：
返回结果都是大写helloworld，且相互不影响。
HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD
(3)使用socketserver的threading多线程实现ftp功能（多客户端）
服务器端代码：
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=UTF-8
import socket
import threading
import SocketServer
class ThreadedTCPRequestHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
while True:
self.cmd = self.request.recv(1024).strip()
self.cmd_list = self.cmd.split()
if self.cmd_list[0] == 'get': # 如果是get方法，读数据
with open(self.cmd_list[1]) as fd:
while True: # 循环读取1024字节，然后返回一个数
self.data = fd.read(1024)
self.request.sendall(self.data)
if not self.data: # 数据读完了，跳出while循环
self.request.sendall('EOF')
break
if not self.cmd:
break
class ThreadedTCPServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer):
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Port 0 means to select an arbitrary unused port
#HOST, PORT = "localhost", 9999
HOST = ''
PORT = 12345
server = ThreadedTCPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedTCPRequestHandler)
# Start a thread with the server -- that thread will then start one
# more thread for each request
server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
# Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates
server_thread.daemon = True
server_thread.start()
print "Server loop running in thread:", server_thread.name
##主要进程不退出
server.serve_forever()
启动服务端监听端口：
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7 /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor/socket-threading-thread-server-ftp.py Server loop running in thread: Thread-1
客户端代码：
socket_clinet_ftp.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #参考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
import os
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 12345
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #网络socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
cmd = raw_input("Please input cmd:").strip() #把空字符串命令去掉，做一个判断，非空再发送
if cmd.lower() == 'exit' or cmd.lower() == 'quit':
break
cmd_list = cmd.split()
if len(cmd_list) != 3:
print "Ex: get file1 file2"
continue
else:
s.sendall(cmd) #客户端发送命令
if not os.path.exists(cmd_list[2]):
dst_file = cmd_list[2]
else:
dst_file = cmd_list[2]+'.new'
n = 1 #定义一个变量，第一次打开文件是wb方式，第二次打开文件是a（追加）的方式打开。
while True:
data_rev = s.recv(1024) # 接受服务器发送过来的数据,但是服务器发送完数据，客户端仍在等待，就会卡住。用EOF，就break
if data_rev.endswith('EOF'):
data = data_rev[:-3]
else:
data = data_rev
if n == 1:
with open(dst_file, 'wb') as fd:
fd.write(data)
else:
with open(dst_file, 'a') as fd:
fd.write(data)
print data
n +=1
print "destination file is %s" %dst_file
if data_rev[-3:] == 'EOF': #如果最后三个字符是EOF，退出ftp
break
s.close()
分别启动两个客户端，可以同时使用get方法，断开其中一个客户端对服务端无影响。
客户端1: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7 /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor/socket_clinet_ftp.py Please input cmd:ls Ex: get file1 file2 Please input cmd:get /tmp/1.txt /tmp/2.txt destination file is /tmp/2.txt Please input cmd: 客户端2: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7 /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor/socket_clinet_ftp.py Please input cmd:get /tmp/1.txt /tmp/2.txt destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new Please input cmd: Ex: get file1 file2 Please input cmd:get /tmp/1.txt /tmp/2.txt destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new Please input cmd:
