配置ASM以及创建恢复目录

本次配置ASM沿用了搭建RAC的环境配置，系统选用CENTOS6.8

首先本地配置YUM，安装GRID集群件所需要的RPM包

[root@rac01 Packages]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# ls

CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Media.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo

[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *

[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# vi local.repo

[kingsql]

name=This is kingsql repo

baseurl=file:///rpm/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# mkdir -p /rpm

[root@rac01 yum.repos.d]# cd /rpm

[root@rac01 rpm]cp /root/CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1/Packages/* /rpm/

rpm -ivh vsftpd-2.2.2-12.el6_5.1.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libxml2-2.7.6-14.el6_5.2.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libxml2-python-2.7.6-14.el6_5.2.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.9-22.el6.noarch.rpm

[root@rac01 rpm]# createrepo ./

[root@rac01 rpm]# yum clean all

[root@rac01 rpm]# yum makecache

[root@rac01 rpm]#yum install libXp* xterm* unixODBC* sysstat* make* libstdc++* libgomp* libgcc* libaio* kernel-headers* glibc* gcc* elfutils*  binutils* bind bind-devel bind-chroot caching-nameserver compat-libcap1* compat-libstdc++-33* openssh* xdpyinfo vi unzip

本次配置ASM,DNS配置可选可不选

————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

vi /etc/named.conf

options {

        listen-on port 53 { any; };

        directory       "/var/named";

        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

        allow-query     { any; };

        recursion yes;

        dnssec-enable yes;

        dnssec-validation yes;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */

        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

};

logging {

        channel default_debug {

                file "data/named.run";

                severity dynamic;

        };

};

zone "." IN {

        type hint;

        file "/dev/null";

};

zone "kingsql.org" IN {

        type master;

        file "kingsql.org.zone";

};

zone "56.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {

        type master;

        file "192.168.56.rev";

        };

[root@rac01 named]# cd /var/named

[root@rac01 named]# pwd

/var/named

[root@rac01 named]# vi kingsql.org.zone 

$TTL 1D

@       IN SOA  kingsql.org.       hostmaster.kingsql.org. (

                                        0       ; serial

                                        1D      ; refresh

                                        1H      ; retry

                                        1W      ; expire

                                        3H )    ; minimum

@            IN NS ns1.kingsql.org.

ns1          IN A 192.168.56.101

cluster-scan IN A 192.168.56.156

cluster-scan IN A 192.168.56.157

cluster-scan IN A 192.168.56.158

——————————————————————————————–

[root@rac01 named]# vi 192.168.56.rev 

$TTL 1D

@       IN SOA  kingsql.org.       hostmaster.kingsql.org. (

                                        0       ; serial

                                        1D      ; refresh

                                        1H      ; retry

                                        1W      ; expire

                                        3H )    ; minimum

@            IN NS ns1.kingsql.org.

ns1          IN A 192.168.56.101

156          IN PTR cluster-scan.kingsql.org. 

157          IN PTR cluster-scan.kingsql.org.

158          IN PTR cluster-scan.kingsql.org.

——————————————————————————————–

service network restart

cat /etc/resolv.conf

# Generated by NetworkManager

nameserver 192.168.56.101

chkconfig named on ##设置开机自启动

service named start

Starting named: [  OK  ]

nslookup cluster-scan.kingsql.org

nslookup 192.168.56.156

nslookup 192.168.56.157

nslookup 192.168.56.158

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

关闭防火墙

chkconfig iptables off

service iptables stop

修改selinux为disabled

vi /etc/selinux/config

创建用户和组

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall  

groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin  

groupadd -g 1201 asmdba  

groupadd -g 1202 asmoper

groupadd -g 1300 dba  

groupadd -g 1301 oper  

useradd -m -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "Grid Infrastructure Owner" grid

useradd -m -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle  

passwd grid

passwd oracle

建立目录，修改权限

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.4/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01

关闭ntpd服务

service ntpd stop

chkconfig ntpd off

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.original

rm -rf /var/run/ntpd.pid

修改grid用户的环境变量

[grid@rac1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile 

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.4/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export  CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

        if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

            ulimit -p 16384

              ulimit -n 65536

  else

   ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

      fi

    umask 022

fi

export

修改root用户环境变量

vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

/sbin/sysctl -p

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

grid                soft    nproc   2047

grid                hard    nproc   16384

grid                soft    nofile  1024

grid                hard    nofile  65536

oracle              soft    nproc   2047

oracle              hard    nproc   16384

oracle              soft    nofile  1024

oracle              hard    nofile  65536

vi /etc/pam.d/login

session    required     pam_limits.so

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

查磁盘号

[root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdb

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB1274608b-98003b66

[root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdc

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbf237514-f3435ff0

[root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdd

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc894130b-2f10eef0

[root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sde

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB58f6ed82-b0dc76dc

[root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdf

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0e0cbf34-6238f247

[root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -u -g /dev/sdg

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB98788216-29530089

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id –whitelisted –replace-whitespace –device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB1274608b-98003b66", NAME="asm-disk1",  OWNER="grid",  GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id –whitelisted –replace-whitespace –device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbf237514-f3435ff0", NAME="asm-disk2",  OWNER="grid",  GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id –whitelisted –replace-whitespace –device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc894130b-2f10eef0", NAME="asm-disk3",  OWNER="grid",  GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id –whitelisted –replace-whitespace –device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB58f6ed82-b0dc76dc", NAME="asm-disk4",  OWNER="grid",  GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id –whitelisted –replace-whitespace –device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0e0cbf34-6238f247", NAME="asm-disk5",  OWNER="grid",  GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id –whitelisted –replace-whitespace –device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB98788216-29530089", NAME="asm-disk6",  OWNER="grid",  GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

[root@rac01 ~]# start_udev

Starting udev: [  OK  ]

[root@rac1 ~]# ls -l /dev/asm*

brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 9月  18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk1

brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 9月  18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk2

brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 9月  18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk3

brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 9月  18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk4

brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 80 9月  18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk5

brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 96 9月  18 11:49 /dev/asm-disk6

安装集群件自带的RPM包

[root@rac01 ~]# mv p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip /home/grid/

[grid@rac01 ~]$ cd grid/

[grid@rac01 grid]$ ls

install      response  runInstaller  sshsetup  welcome.html

readme.html  rpm       runcluvfy.sh  stage

[grid@rac01 grid]$ cd rpm/

[grid@rac01 rpm]$ ls

cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

[grid@rac01 rpm]$ su root

Password:

[root@rac1 ~]# rpm -ivh /home/grid/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

Preparing…                ########################################### [100%]

Using default group oinstall to install package

   1:cvuqdisk               ########################################### [100%]

修改/etc/hosts

[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.56.101 rac01

192.168.56.111 rac01-vip

192.168.1.229 rac01-priv

192.168.56.156 cluster-scan

安装ASM

scan-name写/etc/hosts中的cluster-scan

 注意修改公共主机名和虚拟主机名，若为单节点则不用配置SSH互信

 注意etho 和 eth2 哪个是公共网卡哪个是桥接网卡

 选择ASM

 冗余选择外部冗余

 选择不使用IPM

 执行脚本

 安装完成后配置asmca

create 创建磁盘组

 剩下的硬盘起名为DATA磁盘组

 Mount all，之后推出

此时直接启用dbca配置可能会无法发现磁盘组，我们需要进入grid家目录执行chmod +s权限，使ORACLE用户可以看到磁盘组

cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/

chmod +s oracle

启用dbca

使用

DBCA

启动创建恢复目录数据库的进程

在

database templates(

数据库模板


)


页上，保留默认值“


General Purpose


”


(


一般用途


)


或


Transaction Processing(


事物处理


)

在

database identification(

数据库标识


)


，输入恢复目录数据库的名称，使用


rcat.example.com


作为


Global Database Name


（全局数据库名）

Management options

（管理选项） 取消选中


configure enterprise manager(


配置


em)

Automatic Maintenance Tasks(

自动维护任务


) 


取消选中 


Enable Automatic Maintenance Tasks


（启用自动维护任务）

所有账户使用同一管理口令

Database file locations(

数据库文件位置


) 


选择


Automatic Storage Management


（


ASM


）（自动存储管理）作为


Storage Type(


存储类型


). 


选择


Use common location for all database files


（所有数据库文件使用公共位置） 然后选择


DATA


磁盘组

在

recovery configuration(

恢复配置


),


选中


specify flash recovery(


指定快速恢复区


) 


选择


+FRA


磁盘组，并确保


Flash Recovery Area size


（快速恢复区大小）为


4062MB

不勾选示例方案

在

initialization parameter

（初始化参数），将内存大小设置为


303MB


，单击


Use Automatic Memory Management(


使用自动内存管理


)

字符集选项卡选择

use unicode(AL32UTF8)

 之后进行create database