主备库切换操作验证
（
switchover
）
1.
主库执行切换（A机）
（
1
）
查看
主库状态
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
————— ——————– —————- ——————–
bhtc
db
READ WRITE
PRIMARY
TO STANDBY
（
2
）主库执行切换命令
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown wait;
Database altered.
（
2
）重启主库角色变为备库（
mount
状态
）
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.3429E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2265944 bytes
Variable Size 6878661800 bytes
Database Buffers 6543114240 bytes
Redo Buffers 4612096 bytes
Database mounted.
（
4
）查看
主库状态
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
————— ——————– —————- ——————–
Bhtc
db
MOUNTED
PHYSICAL STANDBY
RECOVERY NEEDED
2.
备库切换成主库
（
B
机）
（
1
）查看备库状态
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
————— ——————– —————- ——————–
bhtcdg
MOUNTED
PHYSICAL STANDBY
TO PRIMARY
（
2
）将备库切换成主库
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown
wait
;
Database altered.
（
3
）查看备库状态
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
————— ——————– —————- ——————–
bhtcdg
MOUNTED
PRIMARY
NOT ALLOWED
（
4
）开启
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STAT
————— ———- —————- —————
bhtcdg READ WRITE PRIMARY RESOLVABLE GAP
3.
打开数据库（
A
机）
SQL> alter database open read only;
4.
应用日志（
A
机）
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
3.
验证数据
（
1
）在新主库创建用户（
B
机）
SQL> create user test1 identified by test1;
SQL> commit;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
（
2
）在新备库查看（
A
机）
SQL> select username from dba_users where username='TEST1';
USERNAME
——————————
TEST1
4.
切换回
最初的状态
(1)
新
主库操作（
B
机
）
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
Database altered.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.3429E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2265944 bytes
Variable Size 6878661800 bytes
Database Buffers 6543114240 bytes
Redo Buffers 4612096 bytes
Database mounted.
（2）
新
备库
操作（
A
机）
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
————— ——————– —————- ——————–
bhtcdb
READ WRITE
PRIMARY
RESOLVABLE GAP
（
3
）
B
机
操作
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
——————– ——————– —————- ——————–
bhtcdg
MOUNTED
PHYSICAL STANDBY
NOT ALLOWED
（
4
）打开备库开启实时同步
SQL> alter database open read only;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;
Database altered.
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STAT
————— ———- —————- —————
bhtcdg
READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED
WITH APPLY
（
5
）再次查看
A
机
SQL> select db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
————— ——————– —————- ——————–
bhtc
db
READ WRITE
PRIMARY
TO STANDBY
此时
，已经切换回最初的状态
（
6
）备库查看日志应用情况
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
———- ———
8 YES
7 YES
9 YES
10 YES
11 YES
12 YES
13 YES
13 YES
14 YES
14 YES
15 YES
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
———- ———
15 YES
16 YES
16 YES
17 YES
17 NO
18 YES
19 YES
20 YES
21 IN-MEMORY
———- end ———-
