Oracle在线重定义之DBMS_REDEFINITION

11g官方文档关于DBMS_REDEFINITION的详细说明：

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Using
DBMS_REDEFINITION

·         Overview

·         Constants

·         Operational Notes

Overview

To achieve online
redefinition, incrementally maintainable local materialized views are used.
These logs keep track of the changes to the master tables and are used by the
materialized views during refresh synchronization.

为了实现在线重新定义，使用使用本地物化视图。 这些日志将跟踪主表的更改，并在刷新同步期间由物化视图使用。

Constants

The DBMS_REDEFINITION package uses the constants shown in Table 110-1, “DBMS_REDEFINITION Constants”:

Table 110-1
DBMS_REDEFINITION Constants

Operational Notes

·        CONS_USE_PK and CONS_USE_ROWID are constants used as input to the “options_flag”
parameter in both the START_REDEF_TABLE Procedure andCAN_REDEF_TABLE Procedure. CONS_USE_ROWID is used to indicate that the redefinition should be done using
rowids while CONS_USE_PK implies that the redefinition should be done using primary keys
or pseudo-primary keys (which are unique keys with all component columns having NOT NULL constraints).

CONS_USE_PK和CONS_USE_ROWID是用作START_REDEF_TABLE过程和CAN_REDEF_TABLE过程中“options_flag”参数的输入的常量。 CONS_USE_ROWID用于指示重新定义应使用rowid完成，而CONS_USE_PK意味着重新定义应该使用主键或伪主键（这是所有组件列具有NOT NULL约束的唯一键）来完成。

·        CONS_INDEX, CONS_MVLOG,CONS_TRIGGER and CONS_CONSTRAINT are used to specify the type of the dependent object being (un)registered
inREGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT Procedure and UNREGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT Procedure (parameter “dep_type”).

CONS_INDEX，CONS_MVLOG，CONS_TRIGGER和CONS_CONSTRAINT用于指定在REGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT过程和UNREGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT过程（参数“dep_type”）中注册的依赖对象的类型。

CONS_INDEX ==> dependent object is of type INDEX

CONS_TRIGGER ==> dependent object is of type TRIGGER

CONS_CONSTRAINT==>
dependent object type is of type CONSTRAINT

CONS_MVLOG ==> dependent object is of type MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

·        CONS_ORIG_PARAMS as used as input to the “copy_indexes”
parameter in COPY_TABLE_DEPENDENTS Procedure. Using this
parameter implies that the indexes on the original table be copied onto the
interim table using the same storage parameters as that of the original index.

作为COPY_TABLE_DEPENDENTS过程中“copy_indexes”参数的输入的CONS_ORIG_PARAMS。 使用此参数意味着使用与原始索引相同的存储参数将原始表上的索引复制到临时表上。

Rules and Limits

For information about
various rules and limits that apply to implementation of this package, see the Oracle Database Administrator’s
Guide.

Summary of
DBMS_REDEFINITION Subprograms

Table 110-2
DBMS_REDEFINITION Package Subprograms

ABORT_REDEF_TABLE
Procedure

This procedure cleans
up errors that occur during the redefinition process. This procedure can also
be used to terminate the redefinition process any time after the START_REDEF_TABLE Procedure has been called and before the FINISH_REDEF_TABLE Procedure is called. This process will remove
the temporary objects that are created by the redefinition process such as
materialized view logs.

此过程可以清除在重新定义过程中发生的错误。 此过程也可以在START_REDEF_TABLE程序被调用之后和调用FINISH_REDEF_TABLE过程之前的任何时候用于终止重新定义过程。 此过程将删除由重定义过程创建的临时对象，例如物化视图日志。

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.ABORT_REDEF_TABLE (

   uname       IN VARCHAR2,

   orig_table  IN VARCHAR2,

   int_table   IN VARCHAR2,

  part_name    IN  VARCHAR2 := NULL);

Parameters

Table 110-3
ABORT_REDEF_TABLE Procedure Parameters

CAN_REDEF_TABLE
Procedure

This procedure
determines if a given table can be redefined online. This is the first step of
the online redefinition process. If the table is not a candidate for online
redefinition, an error message is raised.

此过程确定给定的表是否可以在线重新定义。 这是在线重新定义过程的第一步。 如果表不是在线重新定义的候选者，则会出现错误消息。

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.CAN_REDEF_TABLE (

   uname         IN  VARCHAR2,

   tname        IN  VARCHAR2,

   options_flag  IN  PLS_INTEGER := 1,

   part_name     IN  VARCHAR2 := NULL);

Parameters

Table 110-4
CAN_REDEF_TABLE Procedure Parameters

Exceptions

If the table is not a
candidate for online redefinition, an error message is raised.

COPY_TABLE_DEPENDENTS
Procedure

This procedure clones
the dependent objects of the table being redefined onto the interim table and
registers the dependent objects. This procedure does not clone the already
registered dependent objects.

This subprogram is used
to clone the dependent objects like grants, triggers, constraints and
privileges from the table being redefined to the interim table (which
represents the post-redefinition table).

此过程克隆表重新定义到临时表上的依赖对象，并注册依赖对象。 此过程不会克隆已注册的从属对象。

该子程序用于将重新定义的表中的依赖对象（如授权，触发器，约束和权限）克隆到临时表（表示后重新定义表）。

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.COPY_TABLE_DEPENDENTS(

   uname                    IN  VARCHAR2,

   orig_table               IN  VARCHAR2,

   int_table                IN  VARCHAR2,

   copy_indexes             IN  PLS_INTEGER := 1,

   copy_triggers            IN  BOOLEAN     := TRUE,

   copy_constraints         IN  BOOLEAN     := TRUE,

   copy_privileges          IN  BOOLEAN     := TRUE,

   ignore_errors            IN  BOOLEAN     := FALSE,

   num_errors               OUT PLS_INTEGER,

   copy_statistics          IN  BOOLEAN     := FALSE, 

   copy_mvlog               IN  BOOLEAN     := FALSE); 

Parameters

Table 110-5
COPY_TABLE_DEPENDENTS Procedure Parameters

Usage Notes

·        
The user must check the column num_errors before proceeding to ensure that no errors occurred during the
cloning of the objects.

·        
In case of an error, the user should fix the cause of the error
and call the COPY_TABLE_DEPENDENTS Procedure again to clone the dependent object.
Alternatively the user can manually clone the dependent object and then
register the manually cloned dependent object using theREGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT Procedure.

·        
All cloned referential constraints involving the interim tables
will be created disabled (they will be automatically enabled after the
redefinition) and all triggers on interim tables will not fire till the
redefinition is completed. After the redefinition is complete, the cloned
objects will be renamed to the corresponding pre-redefinition names of the
objects (from which they were cloned from).

·        
It is the user’s responsibility that the cloned dependent
objects are unaffected by the redefinition. All the triggers will be cloned and
it is the user’s responsibility that the cloned triggers are unaffected by the
redefinition.

?用户必须先检查列num_errors，然后继续确保克隆对象期间不会发生错误。

?如果发生错误，用户应该修复错误的原因并再次调用COPY_TABLE_DEPENDENTS过程来克隆依赖对象。或者，用户可以手动克隆依赖对象，然后使用REGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT过程注册手动克隆的依赖对象。

?涉及临时表的所有克隆参照约束将被禁用（重定义后将自动启用），并且临时表上的所有触发器都不会触发，直到重新定义完成。重新定义完成后，克隆的对象将被重命名为对象的重新定义名称（从中克隆到它们）。

?用户有责任克隆的依赖对象不受重新定义的影响。所有的触发器将被克隆，用户有责任克隆的触发器不受重新定义的影响。

FINISH_REDEF_TABLE Procedure

This procedure
completes the redefinition process. Before this step, you can create new
indexes, triggers, grants, and constraints on the interim table. The
referential constraints involving the interim table must be disabled. After
completing this step, the original table is redefined with the attributes and
data of the interim table. The original table is locked briefly during this
procedure.

此过程完成重新定义过程。 在此步骤之前，您可以在临时表上创建新的索引，触发器，授予和约束。 必须禁用涉及临时表的参照约束。 完成此步骤后，原始表格将重新定义为临时表格的属性和数据。 在此过程中，原始表被短暂锁定。

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.FINISH_REDEF_TABLE (

   uname       IN VARCHAR2,

   orig_table  IN VARCHAR2,

   int_table   IN VARCHAR2,

   part_name   IN  VARCHAR2 := NULL);

Parameters

Table 110-6
FINISH_REDEF_TABLE Procedure Parameters

REGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT
Procedure

This procedure
registers a dependent object (index, trigger, constraint or materialized view
log) on the table being redefined and the corresponding dependent object on the
interim table.

此过程在重新定义的表上注册依赖对象（索引，触发器，约束或物化视图日志），并在临时表上注册相应的依赖对象。

This can be used to
have the same object on each table but with different attributes. For example:
for an index, the storage and tablespace attributes could be different but the
columns indexed remain the same

这可以用于在每个表上具有相同的对象，但具有不同的属性。 例如：对于索引，存储和表空间属性可能不同，但索引的列保持不变

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.REGISTER_DEPEPENDENT_OBJECT(

   uname             IN VARCHAR2,

   orig_table        IN VARCHAR2,

   int_table         IN VARCHAR2,

   dep_type          IN  PLS_INTEGER,

   dep_owner         IN VARCHAR2,

   dep_orig_name     IN VARCHAR2,

   dep_int_name      IN  VARCHAR2);

Parameters

Table 110-7
REGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT Procedure Parameters

Usage Notes

·        
Attempting to register an already registered object will raise
an error.

·        
Registering a dependent object will automatically remove that
object from DBA_REDEFINITION_ERRORS if an entry exists for that object.

?尝试注册已注册的对象会引发错误。

?如果该对象存在条目，则注册依赖对象将自动从DBA_REDEFINITION_ERRORS中删除该对象。

START_REDEF_TABLE
Procedure

Prior to calling this
procedure, you must manually create an empty interim table (in the same schema
as the table to be redefined) with the desired attributes of the
post-redefinition table, and then call this procedure to initiate the
redefinition.

在调用此过程之前，你必须手动创建一个空的临时表（与要重新定义的表相同的模式）与所需的后重新定义表的属性，然后调用此过程来启动重定义。

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.START_REDEF_TABLE (

   uname          IN VARCHAR2,

   orig_table     IN VARCHAR2,

   int_table      IN VARCHAR2,

   col_mapping    IN VARCHAR2 := NULL,

   options_flag   IN BINARY_INTEGER := 1,

   orderby_cols   IN VARCHAR2 := NULL,

   part_name     IN  VARCHAR2 := NULL);

Parameters

Table 110-8
START_REDEF_TABLE Procedure Parameters

SYNC_INTERIM_TABLE
Procedure

This procedure keeps
the interim table synchronized with the original table.

此过程使临时表与原始表同步。

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.SYNC_INTERIM_TABLE (

   uname          IN  VARCHAR2,

   orig_table     IN  VARCHAR2,

   int_table      IN  VARCHAR2,

   part_name      IN  VARCHAR2 := NULL);

Parameters

Table 110-9
SYNC_INTERIM_TABLE Procedure Parameters

Usage Notes

·        
This step is useful in minimizing the amount of synchronization
needed to be done by the FINISH_REDEF_TABLE Procedure before completing the online
redefinition.

·        
This procedure can be called between long running operations
(such as CREATE INDEX) on the
interim table to sync it up with the data in the original table and speed up
subsequent operations.

?在完成在线重新定义之前，此步骤对于最小化FINISH_REDEF_TABLE过程需要完成的同步量很有用。

?可以在临时表上的长时间运行操作（如CREATE INDEX）之间调用此过程，以将其与原始表中的数据进行同步，并加快后续操作。

UNREGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT
Procedure

This procedure
unregisters a dependent object (index, trigger, constraint or materialized view
log) on the table being redefined and the corresponding dependent object on the
interim table.

此过程在重新定义的表上取消注册依赖对象（索引，触发器，约束或物化视图日志），并在临时表上注销相应的依赖对象。

Syntax

DBMS_REDEFINITION.UNREGISTER_DEPEPENDENT_OBJECT(

   uname              IN VARCHAR2,

   orig_table        IN VARCHAR2,

   int_table         IN VARCHAR2,

   dep_type          IN PLS_INTEGER,

   dep_owner         IN VARCHAR2,

   dep_orig_name     IN VARCHAR2,

   dep_int_name      IN  VARCHAR2);

Parameters

Table 110-10
UNREGISTER_DEPENDENT_OBJECT Procedure Parameters

作者：SEian.G（苦练七十二变，笑对八十一难）