单实例oracle12102安装完成后，startup报错：
[oracle@rac01 ~]$ sqlplus “/as sysdba”
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sat Sep 16 15:04:46 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file ‘/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/inittestdb1.ora’
1、在/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/目录下，无法找到inittestdb1.ora文件。
2、将/oracle/app/oracle/admin/testdb/pfile/init.ora.816201714541文件复制到
/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/目录下,并改名为：inittestdb1.ora
$cp init.ora.816201714541 /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/inittestdb1.ora
3、sqlplus “/as sysdba”
startup启动数据库成功
